Resilient insole



July 9, 1940. M. MARGoLlN RESILIENT INsoLE Filed May 8, 1939 3Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. mager muraglia m04@ ATTORNEY S July 9, 1940# M.MARGOLIN 2,207,632

RESILIENT INSOLE Filed Ilay 8, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 I'NVENTOR, meyerTIIargolin ATTORNEYS July 9, 1940. M. MARGOLIN RESILIENT INSOLE 3Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed lay 8, 1939 iss' INVENTOR. magm marsolin wwwATTORNEYS Patented'July 9, 1940 UNITED s'mras PATENT OFFECE RESILIEN'EINSOLE Meyer Margoiin, Elgin, IiiB Application May 8, 1939, Serial Non272,364

I 8 Claims.

My invention relates to a novel resilient insole and more particularlyto an insole, the iorepart of which is resilient with a periphery cimaterial stiff enough to hold the necessary stitching for attachment ofthe insole in the shoe.

My novel insole has grooves located on the bottom thereof, which groovesare substantially rectangular in cross section. The grooves are adaptedto be compressed and expanded to prosuitable perforations in theinsoleto the interior of the shoe.

I provide ball cushion support for the foot by means of a centralresilient portion of greater thickness than the edge portion'of lap andin. sole. Y

The prior art has long recognized-the prolotions have been devised whichsuitably meet the problems of providing resilience and forced breathingin the forepart of the shoe.

My invention comprises a resilient insole, the

forepart of which is primarily constructed of materials, such ascellular rubber or other resilient material, and the periphery of whichcomprises either leather alone or leather in combination withthe-resilient material, the leather providing stiffening and backing forholding the stitching.` The relatively stiff material may be anymaterial, thephysical properties of which correspond to leather in thisart.

I provide perforations in the resilient material which extend throughthe resilient material and I also provide certain transverse grooveswhich are alternately compressed and expanded bythe action of the footin Walling so as to force air from these transverse grooves through theperforations to the foot` itself.

I provide various constructions by means of which I can achieve thedesirable objective of a resilient insole with stifl" periphery, whichinsole is permeable to air and which insole may carry integral therewithmetatarsal support and arch support.v Y l My resilient 'insole is not tobe confusedwith the rubber resilient fillers which have been disclosedin thisart. Such llers lie between the `insole and the outsole andalthough they are resilient inA themselves do not increase theresilience ofthe forepart of the shoe but act only to possibly softensuch forepart to the step.

Such rubber fillers have been employed to force vide forced breathingwhich is transmitted by (Ci. 36m-3) air into the shoe only by means of acomplex arrangement in which an opening under the main arch is employed.My construction provides -for the first time a novel resilient insolewhich in itself is formed to provide resilience for the forepart of theinsole and at the same time a forced breathing simultaneously. over alarge area oi' the forepart of the shoe.

Itfis, therefore, an object of my invention to provide a resilientinsert with a/periphery sufciently stift to hold the necessarystitching.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a resilient insolehaving transverse grooves extending part way across an insole andperforations adjacent said grooves, said grooves being. adapted uponexpansion and .compression to force air through said perforations.

It is still a further object of my invention to provide a resilientinsert in an insole, which insert carries the above described forcedbreathing grooves and adjacent perforations.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a resilient insolehaving about its periphery recesses into which are inserted stifeningpieces comprising a stii toe member, stifil side members, and a stiftshank portion oi an insole, in separate sections.

These and further objects of my present invention will become apparentfrom the description which follows taken in connection with thedrawings, in which:

Figure l shovvsA a shoe in partial side eleva- .tion and partialsection, the section showing the general construction of my resilientinsert in its normal position.

Figure 2 is a cross-section of an enlargement of my resilient insole inwhich in descending the footacts to compress the air contained in theexpanded grooves forcing such air out through the adjacent perforationson to the foot.

Figure 3 is a plan view of the bottom of the resilient insole of myinvention.

' Figure i is a cross section taken along the line 4--4 of Figure?. I

Figure 5 is a section taken along the line 5--5 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a section of'Figure 5 in itsfbent condition when due to theaction oi the foot in 'walking the grooves contained therein areexpanded preparatory to being compressed to expel l air through` theadjacent perforations.

Figure '7 is a plan view of the top ofthe resilient insole of myinvention showing'a construction in which the rubber middle portion hasastiffening members which are adapted to hold the stitching of the shoe.

Figure 8 is a section taken along the lines 8 8 of Figure 7. l,

Figure 9 is al section taken along the line 9-9 of Figure 7.

Figure 10 is a section taken along the line Ill- I0 of Figure 7.

Figure 11 is a plan View of the top of a modied form of the resilientinsole of my invention in which the rubber middle portion has a singleflap and the various stiffening members, comprising a toe stiffeningsection, side stiffening sections and the shank portion, are laid on tothat flap to be united thereto.

Figure 12 is a cross section taken along the line I2-I2 of Figure 11.

Figure 13 is a cross section taken along the line I3-I3 of Figure 11.

Figure 14 is a section taken along the line Ill- I4 of Figure 11.

Figure 15 is a plan View of the top of a modified form of my inventionin which the middle rubber portion has a central flap on each side ofwhich are laid stifening members to be united to that flap.

Figure 16 is a section taken along the IG-IS of Figure 15.

Figure 17 is a section takenalong the I 'I-I'I of Figure l5.

Figure 18 is a section taken along the I8-I8 of Figure 15.

Figure 19 shows a modified form of my invention in which I provide a,resilient insole and a binding about the periphery thereof of arelatively stiff material adapted to receive stitching.

Figure 20 is a section taken along the line 21-21 of Figure 19.

Figure 21 is a section 28-28 of Figure 19.

Figure 22 is a section 29-29 of Figure 19.

Figure 23 is a section 30-30 of Figure 19.

Figure 24 shows in perspective the end, side and shank stiifening piecesshown in plan in Figures '7, 11 and 15. The recesses in the toe andshank portion are for the purpose of receiving corresponding projectionsin the middle rubber portion whereby rm and accurate engagement isprovided.

Referring now more specifically to the drawings, in Figure 1 I show ashoe I having an outsole 2, a sock lining 3 and an insole 4 positionedtherebetween. The insole 4 has perforations 5 which extend therethroughand perforations 6 in the sock lining match in position the perforations5 in the insole. The insole 4 is formed of a peripheral portion of stiffmaterial 'l such as leather or a composition of similar qualitiesadapted to retain the stitching therein. The central portion 8 of saidinsole is of resilient material such as expanded rubber, as for exampleclosed cell rubber or spongerubber, or any suitable correspondingresilient material. Located between the perforations 5 or adjacentthereto are grooves 9, the lateral or side walls of which are normallyvertical and spaced one from the other. Accordingly the grooves shownare rectangular in cross section.

At the bottom of the perforations 5 are bosses or extensions Il) whichhave a dual function. They increase the resilience of the constructionand make for a softer step and at the same time facilitate the forcedbreathing action in line line

line

taken along the line taken along the line taken along the line that theair forced from the compressed groove 9 can more easily escape into theperforation 5. That is the air can pass more readily by this relativelynarrowlend portion I0 of the perforation 5 than it could through therelatively wider area from the groove to the perforation itself if aflat construction were used. Inasmuch as optimum resilience andbreathing is here desired, all these features which tend to achieve thatresult are preeminently desirable.

As can be seen in Figure 3 these grooves are closed at each end andextend only part of the way across said resilient portion. Said grooves,

therefore, constitute closed chambers having lateral walls which, inwalking movement, move away from one another causing expansion thereforedrawing in air and, upon contraction, the walls move toward one anotherforcing out said contained air, which air then travels to and throughthe adjacent perforations to the foot as shown more particularly inFigure 2.

The relative position and size of this groove is clearly shown in detailin Figures 5 and 6. In Figure 5 the groove is shown in normal positionwith its walls vertical and the groove of relatively less crosssectional area. In Figure 6 the portion is shown when the foot is inbent position as in walking. There the groove is expanded by the generalcurving ofv the section and air is thereupon drawn into the groovecavity. As has been stated, Figure 2 shows the downward movement ofthe'foot with the corresponding compression of the grooves whereby theair is forced into and through means for permitting air to flow frombelow the insert to above the insole, .e. g. perforations to the footarea. The perforations can be placed in any desired position so long asthey afford communication between the grooves on the bottom of the.insole and the shoe interior above the insole.

Referringf now again to Figure 1, the stitching II secures the leatheredge member to the resilient material 8 through the flap I2. This flapconstruction is such as to provide a tapering away of the thickness ofthe insole at the edges thereof. Thus, the center portion of the insert8 is thicker than the combined thickness of lap I2 and insole 1 (Figure4) and 'a desirable ball cushion support for the foot is obtained.Another feature is the location of the stitching II immediately adjacentthe point I3 where the main body of the resilient material contacts theleather edging. By positioning stitching at that point I provide againstthe separation of the resilient material from the leather edging and atthe same time provide greater flexibility 'for the assembly. Thisposition immediately adjacent this point I3 is of particular importancebecause if the stitching were placed near the edge of the flap as itnormally would be, there would be con-- leather edging, but it alsosecures the parts against any lateral displacement and further holds therubber ap extension down against the leather edge.

This construction is of further importance in that it prevents anyseparation of the parts at. what isin Figure 5, the bottom joint ofinsert and insole. If separation occurred here dirt or scraps mightconceivably enter therebetween which might interfere with the properresiliency of the insole. This is particularly applicable when the`rubber ap extends across the bottom of the leather instead of at thetop, namely the reverse of what is shown in Figures 1 to 5.

At the rear of vthe resilient portion there extends the stii'material I6of the shank of the insole which is, for example, leather or the like.The 'resilient material also extends toward the 'rear and is in the formof a thicker portion which forms a metatarsal support I1. 'I hemetatarsal also has .perforations I8 therein for breathing purposes.

in the forepart and rear, extensions 25, 21 and 28 molded integrallytherewith which are adapted to enter suitable recesses 29 and 30 in thetoe stiiening piece 3| and the portion 20 respectively in order tosecure a positive andaccurate en'- gagement therewith. The engagement'iseffected -by inserting the toe piece 3| between the flaps in such a waythat the projections and 26 ride into the opening 29 in'the indicatedportion of the toe piece and similarly inserting the shank vportion 20between the'double flaps so that the y projections 21 and V28 rideintoand lengage recess -in the shank portion.

The side stiffening members 33 and 34 are inserted between the aps 22vand 23 at the sides of the insole and then suitable rows of stitchingand 36 secure the respective stiffening mem-- bers and shank portion tothe resilient forepart vform of my invention, wherein refers to theshank of the insole and 5| to the resilient portion of my insole. Theresilient portion isfformed with an outwardly extending ilap at thesides and frontl portion and a double flap at the rear by reason of themetatarsal support molded integrally therewith on the-top. The resilientflap is indicated in the vtoe portion as 52, at the sides `as 53'and therear as 54. The added metatarsal supportis 55.

As will be noted from the sections shown ln Figures 12, 13 and 14, theilap is only 'a portion of the thickness of the resilient main portionitself, the stiff leather portion 56 being of such i l thickness as tobe flushwith the top of therecured thereto by stitching 62 and 63. It istogv silient insert. .56 is the Vtoe stiifening portion, it beingnecessaryto have a fairly stiff area at the toe section of the insole.This toe stiffening portion 56 and av recess 51 into which extends theprojection 58 which is shown molded integrally with `the flap 52. Sidereinforcing members 60 and 6| similarly lie over the viiap 53 and aresebe noted that the line of stitching 63 'is immediately adjacent theAjunction of the insert 5| 'and the stifening member 60 so that therecanbev no gap even under stress `at that point. Such gapping wouldmeanpinching 'of the sock lining with consequent wrinkling. A To effect thejoining of the shank 50 to the resilient portion, I provide a projection65 shown vmolded integrally with the flap 54, which projecwhich have thetion 65 nts into a recess 66 in the shank portion 50. As describedhereinbefore, the resilient portion is provided with forced breathinggrooves 68 and adjacent perforations 69 having bosses 10 atthe bottomthereof.

Referring now to Figure 15,. I show a still further modied form of myinvention in which I provide a shank portion 15 and a resilient forepartportion 16 which has a single centrally extendingA flap 61. The toestiffening portion 18 comprises an upper layer 10 and a bottom layer 00`of the shape shown at 18 which fit on each side of the centrallyextending ap of the resilient portion and which layers have openings 8|and 82 into which projections 83 and 84 of the .centrally extending flapwhich are molded integrally with the flap, project. Similarly the sidereinforcing members comprise an upper ,stiffening member` 85 and a lowerstlffening member 86 on each side ofrthe centrally extending flap 61.

To facilitate the joining of the resilient portion to the shankiportion15, I provide a centrally extending flap 88 having two side projections89 which t into corresponding openings in the fiaps'90 and 9| of theshank portion 15. Extending from the resilient portion is a metatarsalsupport 92. In the main part vof the resilient 4portion are grooves 95and adjacent thereto are perforations 06 having on -the bottom thereofbosses 81.

vMy invention includes a size pad which may have on its lower surfacethe grooves which were described hereinbefore in connection with theresilient, insole, and the size pad may also have pad preferably has afeather edge about its-pe- 5 riphery. It may or may not have integrallytherewith metatarsalsupport. e

Referring now to Figure 19 I show still another form of my invention inwhich the resilientportion |00 is bound around the edges with a stiff'.

material |0| which may be leather or any suit@` able stiff material ofthat nature. The resilient insole here is cut down at the edge asshownat |02 so that the binding |0| lies ush with the resilient portion|00.

The shank portion |03 is joined to the resilient forepart by means ofthe fitting of the projection |04 of the resilient portion into theopening |05 in the shank portion and the stitching |06 and |01 securessaid resilient portion to said stii shankportion.v vThe stitching`llllsecures thc stiffening material |0| to the resilient portion |00and here only a sigle row is required. This is a particularly' effectivemethod for providing a resilientforepart with the stiff edge `portionthat is necessary for receiving and holdingthe stitching when the shoeis assembled. In the main portion of the resilient material are-grooves'and adjacent perforations ||2 having bossesv ||3 thereon.

Referring now generally to the constructions I have shown throughoutthese drawings, itis to be noted that itis desirable that'the centerpart of the resilient forepart is of greater thickness than theperipheral portions thereof. .This is 'to 75 5 because they provide apositive means for securing the insert to thev insole, but also becausethey provide for a means for decreasing the thickness from the center tothe periphery.

As can be noted, I have shown a number f immodifications of my inventionwhereby I can pro-v vide an insole with the resilient forepart portionand stii toe, side and shank members in firm union therewith. Thevarious forms of my invention which I have set forth provide for quickas- 15 sembly and this is especially an improvement over the form inwhich a leather insole has a cut out portion in the middle of theforepart thereof and an insert placed therein.

In Figure 24 I show in perspective the various go stilening elementscomprising the toe' stiening member H and the side stiffening members H6and II'I and the shank portion II8. The particular way in which thesestiffening members can be united to the resilient portion have been g5set forth in detail in Figures 7 to 18.

Although I have shown the side stiifening members IIB and l l1 separatedfrom the shank portion H8, it is to be understood that they could beintegral therewith, in which case the 30 resilient material is insertedtherebetween and it merely remains for the toe stiffening portion I|5 tobe united with the resilient portion. Openings H9 and I 20 in the toestiiening member and shank portion respectively are for the 35 purposeof receiving suitable projections which may be molded into the resilientmaterial so that a positive and accurate engagement is effected betweenthe various parts.

Similarly I may provide means for engaging the n side stifening elementswith the resilient central forepart area. To do this, I may, forexample, provide projections molded with the aps of the resilientforepart area, which projections -are adapted to engage correspondingrecesses in the 6 side stiffening members. 'I'his provision for lockingengagement between the various stiiening elements and the resilientmaterial is of importance both because it provides speed of operation inassembly of thel various parts, in that w the operator can quicklyinsert a stiienlng part, such as the toe stillening member, and byfitting the recesses therein with the projections on the resilientmaterial, may determine the proper positioning of that toe stiieningelement without u delay.

Similarly with the side stiffening elements and the shank portion. Inaddition to accelerating the assembly operations, this construction alsoprovides for more positive engagement of the no various units of myassembly so that before or after the stitching which permanently securesthe various parts together, there can be no displacement of the partswith respect to one another. It is obvious that such a displacement 65would be a serious matter in that it would cause interruption in theoperations and produce rejects.

As can be seen,- I have exampled a number of different constructions bymeans of which the 70 periphery of the resilient forepart area. of. myinsole may be so reinforced as 'to enable it to receive the necessarystitching. I have exampled these particular constructions to exemplifymy invention and do not wish to limit myself to the u vparticularconstructions shown.

It will be noted that 'the metatarsal support which I provide is moldedintegrally with the resilient material and lies on a flap which rests onthe stiff shank portion. This may be seen in Figures 10, 14 and 18 to20, as well as the plan 5 views corresponding thereto.

In my construction, by providing the forced breathing over the entireforepart area of the foot as well as the cookie which is in the archarea, when such is employed, I provide a well ventilated shoe thateffectively and economically solves the problem of shoe ventilation.Specically, the spaced transverse grooves provide a great bendingflexibility for the insole because of the obvious physical advantagesinvolved and the 16 v bosses on the bottom of the perforations provide aspring effect which is of deiinite advantage for obtaining good walkingproperties. The perforations play their part in providing for greatersoftness and compressibility for the resilient 20 forepart itself.

Although I have exampled a number of specific constructions it isunderstood that these constructions are by way of example of theprinciples of my invention only and that I intendto be limited not bythe speciiic constructions shown but only by the claims here appended.

1. In combination, aninsole, an opening in the forepart of said insole,aninsert of rubber-like material disposed in said opening, said inserthaving a relatively thick central portion and a relatively thinperipherally extending lap portion, said relatively thick centralportion extending through said opening in said insole, said relativelythin peripherally extending lap portion being disposed over the portionof the insole adjacent to said opening, said extending lap portion beingsecured to said portion of the insole adjacent said opening, saidcentral portionof said w insert being relatively thicker than thecombined thickness of the insole and the peripherally extending lapportion to provide a ball cushion support, grooves located in saidrelatively thick central portion of said rubber insert, said grooves abeing substantially rectangular in cross-section, the walls of saidrectangular grooves being spaced apart from one another, and means forpermitting air to ow from below said insert to above said insole.

2. In combination, an insole, an opening in the forepart of said insole,an insert of rubber-like material disposed in said opening, said inserthaving a relatively thick central portion and a relatively thinperipherally extending lap portion,

said relatively thickv central portion extending through said opening insaid insole, said relatively thin peripherally extending lap portionbeing disposed over the portion of the insole adjacent to said opening,said extending lap por- 30 tion being secured to said portion of theinsole adjacent said opening, said central portion of said insert beingrelatively thicker than the combined thickness of the insole and theperipherally extending lap portion to provide a ball cushion support,grooves located in said relatively thick 'central portion of said rubberinsert, said grooves having continuous side walls, the sidewalls of saidgrooves being spaced apart from one another, and means for permittingair to flow from below said insert to above said insole.

3. In combination, an insole, an opening in the forepart of said insole,an insert of rubber-like material disposed in said opening, said inserthaving a'relatively thick central portion and a 75 relatively thinperipherally extending lap portion, said relatively thick centralportion extending through said opening in said insole, said relativelythin peripherally extending lap portion being disposed over the portionof the insole adjacent to said opening, said extending lap portion beingsecured to said portion of the insole adjacent said opening, saidcentral portion of said insert being thicker than the combined thicknessof the insole and the peripherally extending lap portion to provide aball cushion support, grooves located in said relatively thick portionof said rubber insert, said grooves being substantially rectangular incross section, the side walls of said rectangular grooves being spacedapart from one another, said grooves extending transversely across saidrelatively thick central portion, and perforations in said relativelythick central portion.

4. In combination, an insole, an opening in the forepart of said insole,an insert of rubberlike material dispos'ed in said opening, said inserthaving a relatively thick central portion and a relatively thinperipherally extending lap portion, said relatively thick centralportion extending through said opening in said insole, saidA relativelythin peripherally extending lap portion beingv disposed over the portionof the insole adjacent to said opening, said extending lap DOrtion beingsecured to saidv portion of the insole adjacent said opening, grooveslocated in said relatively thick central portion of said insert, saidgrooves being substantially rectangular in cross section, the side wallsof said rectangular grooves being continuous and spaced apart from oneanother, said grooves extending substantially transversely across saidrelatively thick central portion, the lateral walls of said groovesbeing adapted to move away from and toward each other during walking topump air from said grooves, vand perforations in said relatively thickcentral portion, said perforations being positioned to transmit air fromsaid grooves to the interior of the shoe.

5. In combination, an insole, an opening in the forepart of saidinsole,l an insert of rubberlike material disposed in said opening, saidinsert having a relatively thick central portion and a relativelythinperipherally extending lap portion, said relatively thick centralportion extending through said opening in said insole, said relativelythin peripherally extending lap portion being disposed over the portionof the insole adjacent to said opening, said extending lap portion beingsecured to said porti`on of the insole adjacent said opening, saidcentral `portion of said insert being relatively thicker than thecombined thicknesses of said insole and said peripherally extending lapportion and tapering down to provide a ball cushion support, grooveslocated in said relatively thick portion of said rubber insert, saidgrooves being substantially rectangular in cross section, the walls ofsaid rectangular grooves being spaced apart from one another, saidgrooves extending substantially transversely across said relativelythick central portion, the walls of said grooves being adapted to moveaway from and toward each other during walking to pump air from saidgrooves, and perforations in said relatively thick central portion,-said perforations being positioned to transmit air from said grooves tothe interior of the shoe.

6. In combination, an insole, an opening in the forepart of said insole,an insert of rubber-like material disposed in said opening, said inserthaving a relatively thick central portion and a relatively thinperipherally extending lap portion, said relatively thick centralportion extending through said opening in said insole, said relativelythin peripherally extending lap portion being disposed over the portionof the insole adjacent to said opening, said extending lap portion beingsecured to said portion of the insole adjacent said opening, saidcentral portion of said insert being relatively thicker than thecombined thickness of the insole and the peripherally extending lapportion to provide a ball cushion support, grooves located in saidrelatively thick central portion of said rubber insert, said groovesbeing substantially rectangular in `cross section, the walls of saidrectangular grooves being spaced apart from one another, the ends ofsaid grooves being closed, and means for permitting air to iiow frombelow said insert to above said insole.

7. In combination, an insole, an opening in the` forepart of saidinsole, an insert of rubber-like material disposedin said opening, saidinsert having a relatively thickcentral portion and a relatively thinperipherally extending lap portion, said relatively thick centralportionvextending through said opening in said insole, said relativelythin peripherally extending lap portion being disposed over the portionof the insole adjacent to said opening, said extending lap portion beingsecured to said portion of the insole adjacent said opening, grooveslocated in said relatively thick central portion of said insert, saidgrooves being substantially rectangular in cross section, the side wallsof said rectangular grooves being continuous and spaced apart from oneanother, said grooves extending substantially trans-A forepart of saidinsole, an insert of rubber-like material disposed in said opening, saidinsert having a relatively thick central portion and a relatively thinperipherally extending lap portion, said relatively thick centralportion extending v through said opening in said insole, said relativelythin peripherally extending lap portion being disposed over the portionof the insole adjacent to said opening, said extending lap portion beingstitched to said portion of the insole adjacent said opening, saidcentral portion of the said insert being relatively thicker than thecombined thickness of the insole and the peripherally extending lapportion to provide a ball cushion support, grooves located on the bottomof said relatively thick central portion of said rubber insert, saidgrooves being substantially rectangular in cross section, the walls ofsaid rectangular grooves being spaced apart from one another, and meansfor permitting air to iiow from below said to above said insole.

MEYER MARGOLIN.

8. In combination, an insole, an opening in the

